#MUSCLE ARTIFACT MEANING FULL#

Note that the artery and the bronchiole are similar in size. (A) At low magnification, a terminal bronchiole (TB) is seen adjacent to a pulmonary artery.

Alveolar lining cells are generally not visible in normal lung, and when prominent are indicative of prior injury or interstitial lung disease.įIGURE 1.1 Normal lung. They may appear hyperplastic in emphysema.Īlveolar septa are thin, membranous structures within which only scattered nuclei, mostly from endothelial cells, can be seen ( Figure 1.1B). Smooth muscle bundles protrude along the interstitium at the mouth of alveolar ducts and are present along the wall of alveolar ducts ( Figure 1.2B). Small collections of chronic inflammation, bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT), are common in the walls of bronchioles and by themselves are not a significant abnormality. Respiratory bronchioles are partially lined by ciliated respiratory tract epithelium and open up into alveolar ducts ( Figure 1.2).

#MUSCLE ARTIFACT MEANING FULL#

Terminal (membranous) bronchioles contain a full lining of ciliated respiratory tract epithelium and have a continuous smooth muscle layer in their walls ( Figure 1.1).

This relationship helps one to confirm that a particular blood vessel is an artery, and it also confirms bronchiolocentricity of an inflammatory process if the affected bronchiole is destroyed (see Figures 6.23 and 6.24). Pulmonary arteries and bronchioles course together, and are similar in size ( Figure 1.1).

Muscle artifact meaning